The students complete each sentence with the verb in brackets in its gerund or infinitive form. Verbs and phrases followed by a gerund he apologized for being late. Gerund and infinitive phrases university of texas at dallas. Infinitives and infinitive phrases underline the infinitive phrase in the following phrases.
Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Gerund and infinitive phrases gerunds and infinitives are both verbals. Rules for using gerunds and infinitives to describe an action. It is a g ood test to determine if an infinitive is functioning as an adverb. The construction workers worried about losing their jobs. Infinitives and infinitive phrases english grammar 101. Before everything else, let us first know what infinitive phrases are. Help your students learn, remember, and understand verbals. A gerund is a noun made from a verb root plus ing a present participle. Gerunds and infinitives can function b to compose a sonata would take months. Using gerunds and infinitives with other verbs in english is a tricky thing, because some verbs are followed only by infinitives and other verbs only by gerunds, while certain verbs may be followed by either one. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. The gerund phrase is the object of the preposition after.
In the first sentence, the gerund crying serves as the direct object. The form of the verb that ends in ing is called a gerund when used as a noun. Page 1 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles gerunds. Also called an infinitival phrase and a toinfinitive phrase. Forget with the infinitive means something happens at or after a certain time. Also called an infinitival phrase and a to infinitive phrase, it is a construction made up of the particle to and the base form of a verb, with or without modifiers, complements. Regret with the infinitive is used to give bad news in a formal, polite way. The explanation will be followed by two practice activities with these grammar forms.
The term verbal indicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. Some people prefer getting up early in the morning. I dont like to cry in public unless im getting paid for it. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english vocabulary. Types of phrases noun phrase, verb phrase, gerund phrase. The infinitive can work as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb.
The same spelling rules that apply to the progressive tenses also apply to gerunds. Some verbs can be followed by a gerund or an infinitive without causing a change in meaning. Page 3 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles exercise on gerunds. A verbal is a word formed from a verb but functioning as a different part of speech, usually a noun. Instead, verbals function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. Infinitives and infinitive phrases an infinitive is the presenttense form of a verb preceded by the word to. Sep 26, 2014 certain words cannot be used with an infinitive. In such expressions, use a gerund, not an infinitive, after. Page 2 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do cloze exercise. This mini flip book is filled with information, examples, and activities for past and present participles, gerunds, infinitives, participle phrases, gerund phrases, infinitive phrases. Because their function is that of a noun, gerunds may be used as the subject of a sentence. The gerund ends in ing and functions as a noun jumping is fun he liked skiing he had a unique way of whistling the infinitive is the base form of a verb with to.
A whole gerund phrase functions in a sentence just like a noun, and can act as a subject, an object, or a predicate nominative. Here is a lost of infinitives which are often but not always, these two parts are together. Depending upon its function in a sentence, phrases are divided into various types. An infinitive is a verbal, a verb form or construction that plays the role of a different part of speech in a sentence. Underline the gerunds or gerund phrases in the following sentences and label how they function in the sentence subject, direct object, subject complement, object of preposition. The function of a phrase depends upon its construction and place in a sentence.
Paul avoids using chemicals on the vegetables he grows. English practice downloadable pdf grammar and vocabulary worksheets. The gerund phrase the gerund phrase consists of the gerund, which always ends in ing, and its modifiers and complements. Also called an infinitival phrase and a to infinitive phrase. Different functions of infinitivedifferent functions of infinitive phrases when the infinitive is placed after a noun, it functions as an adjective. Underline the gerund or gerund phrases in the sentences below. Page 3 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do using these six sentences, write a paragraph using either a gerund or an infinitive where appropriate. An infinitive is a verbal a word that expresses action. Although infinitives contain verbs, they cannot function as verbs. An infinitive may be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. Impossible to miss, the monument is right on the lake. Is the gerund in the following sentencesquestions used as a subject, object or as a complement.
In pairs or small groups, students talk about the questions in the boxes, paying special attention to the verb pattern normally infiniti. An infinitive is a verb that has not been conjugated changed to show person or tense. An infinitive is the basic form of a verb as in to talk. P eople will understand you even if it sounds a little funny, but you can do better by studying which verbs go with a gerund and which verbs go with the infinitive. We are also going to have sheets for both recognizing the verbal by itself and then as a verbal phrase. Gerund is subject gerund is object gerund is complement. A phrase can act as a noun, an adjective, a preposition or an adverb. Complete the following sentences based on the passage in exercise 7. Knowing which verbs or phrases are followed by gerunds, infinitives or either can be a. Gerunds and infinitives some important rules azar grammar. Gerund and infinitive phrases the university of texas at dallas. Here is a gerunds and infinitives worksheet to test students knowledge of gerunds and infinitives with to. In the middle of the semester, his history professor gave out an assignment, due in two weeks.
Adjective, adverb, noun clauses gerund,participial and. An infinitive is a verb formoften preceded by the particle tothat can function as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. Infinitive and gerund infinitive after an adjective example. Gerund as subject or object english grammar exercises. Gerund and infintive b1 pdf worksheets english practice. If a gerund is combined with a preposition, it is called a gerund phrase. Gerund and infinitive worksheet in this printable worksheet, the rules for using gerunds and infinitives will be explained in detail. Underline the gerund phrases in the sentences below. If an infinitive or infinitive phrase can be moved to the beginning of the sentence, then that infinitive or infinitive phrase modifies the verb 199. Then on the line before each sentence, identify how the gerund or gerund phrase is used by writing s for subject, p. He was rather a lazy student, and he tended to avoid work whenever he could.
Usually it functions as a noun, although it can also function as an adjective or adverb. It can take on the role of a subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition. Simply stated, this is the infinitive form of a verb plus any complements and modifiers. Page 1 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do. Types of verbals, participles, gerund, infinitive, using. Gerunds are formed when an ing ending is added to a verb, and every infinitive is composed of to plus a verb. The most disastrous activity for women with long, curly hair is blowing huge bubble gum bubble with the car windows down piling a dozen heavy boxes on a wooden table is a disaster waiting to happen eating a glass of ice cubes on a summer day can. The three verbals gerunds, infinitives, and participles are formed from verbs, but are never used alone as action words in sentences.
Students complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs. You know an infinitive always consists of to and the base form of the verb. Infinitive phrases infinitives can be combined with other words and phrases to provide additional information about the action expressed in the infinitive. The gerund phrase is the direct object of finished. Verbals gerunds, participles, infinitives gerunds a gerund is a verbal that ends in ing and functions as a noun. They require a preposition followed by a gerund ing form. She is looking forward to visiting his aunt in chicago. A gerund is a verbal that ends in ing and functions as a noun. Ben decided to fly a kite in a the first infinitive phrase is used as a noun, telling what ben decided. Put the verb into the gerund or the infinitive with to. Using verb forms as subjects when functioning as the subject of a sentence, gerunds and infinitives always use a singular verb. You need not separately identify a prepositional phrase that is part of a larger phrase.
Gerund infinitive gi 5 fill in the gerund with the correct preposition. Gerunds and infinitives yuri was in his first year at university, studying history. The gerund phrase is the subject of the verb takes. Understanding the role that nouns, verbs, adjectives, pronouns, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections play in speech is essential in enhancing our skills in writing and reading. I dont like crying in public unless im getting paid for it. An infinitive phrase consists of an infinitive plus its modifiers and complements. English esl gerund worksheets most downloaded 286 results. A gerund phrase is a phrase consisting of a gerund and any modifiers or objects associated with it. A gerund is a verb in its ing present participle form that functions as a noun that names an activity rather than a person or thing. Furthermore, use of infinitive or gerund after a certain verb may totally change the meaning of a sentence. Gerunds infinitives esl activities worksheets games. Gerund as subject or object exercise 1 schoolmanager 20181124t17. Gerunds and infinitives some important rules the form of the verb that ends in ing is called a gerund when used as a noun.
Page 1 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles gerunds a gerund is a verbal that ends in ing and functions as a noun. In english, infinitives generally use to with the base present form of the verb. Is the gerund in the following sentences used as a subject, object or as a complement. Noun phrase, verb phrase, adjective phrase, adverb phrase, gerund phrase, infinitive phrase and absolute phrase. In english grammar, an infinitive phrase is a verbal construction made up of the particle to and the base form of a verb, with or without modifiers, complements, and objects. Is the gerund subject or object in the sentence in an exercise. Gerunds are formed when an ing ending is added to a verb, and every infinitive is composed of.
Also called an infinitival phrase and a toinfinitive phrase, it is a construction made up of the particle to and the base form of a verb, with or without modifiers, complements. In english, if you want to follow a verb with another action, you must use a gerund or infinitive. The entire phrase functions as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. To learn more about how gerund phrases are used in a sentence, try studying the examples below. Jul 23, 2018 in english grammar, an infinitive phrase is a verbal construction made up of the particle to and the base form of a verb, with or without modifiers, complements, and objects. A verbal is a verb form used as another part of speech.